Which of the following is NOT commonly used to treat obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)?

In the context of treating obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), cardiovascular surgery is not a common treatment modality. OSA is primarily addressed through methods that focus on the airway, such as improving airflow and reducing the obstruction caused by anatomical factors.

Hypoglossal nerve stimulation involves implanting a device that stimulates the hypoglossal nerve to prevent airway collapse during sleep. Nasal surgery can address structural abnormalities that contribute to airway obstruction, while adeno-tonsillectomy, particularly in children, removes the tonsils and adenoids that can obstruct breathing during sleep.

In contrast, cardiovascular surgery is intended to address conditions of the heart and blood vessels rather than the airway issues associated with OSA. Therefore, it does not have a role in the typical management of this sleep disorder, making it the correct answer to the question.